《建筑法》第60條規定：建筑物在合理使用壽命內，必須確保地基基礎工程和主體結構的質量。建筑工程竣工時，屋頂、墻面不得留有滲漏、開裂等質量缺陷;對已發現的質量缺陷，建筑施工企業應當修復。在商品房買賣中如何認定主體質量問題比較復雜，開發商會在主體質量與非主體質量問題上打擦邊球，拒絕按照主體質量處理。在通常情況下，所謂主體結構檢測質(zhi)量不合格(ge)包括幾種情(qing)況(kuang)：

房(fang)(fang)屋交付前(qian)未經(jing)驗(yan)收(shou)；雖然(ran)在交付前(qian)經(jing)過驗(yan)收(shou)但驗(yan)收(shou)不合(he)格(ge)。依據現行(xing)法律(lv)規(gui)定(ding)，房(fang)(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)后交付使用前(qian)，建(jian)(jian)設(she)單位應組(zu)織勘察(cha)、設(she)計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、監理(li)等各方(fang)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量進行(xing)驗(yan)收(shou)，驗(yan)收(shou)合(he)格(ge)的應該簽署質量合(he)格(ge)文(wen)件；并申請規(gui)劃、公安消防、環保部(bu)門對房(fang)(fang)屋進行(xing)檢查，出(chu)具(ju)認(ren)可文(wen)件或者(zhe)準許(xu)使用文(wen)件；最后由建(jian)(jian)設(she)單位向工(gong)(gong)(gong)程所在地(di)的建(jian)(jian)設(she)行(xing)政主管部(bu)門備案(an)，取得房(fang)(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗(yan)收(shou)備案(an)表(biao)。

《建(jian)筑(zhu)法(fa)》第六十一條規定：建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)經(jing)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)合格后，方可交付(fu)使用；未經(jing)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)或者驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)不(bu)(bu)合格的(de)，不(bu)(bu)得交付(fu)使用。在(zai)辦理(li)商品房(fang)交接入住手續時，至少應當(dang)要求(qiu)出(chu)(chu)賣人由(you)出(chu)(chu)示(shi)由(you)建(jian)設、勘察、設計、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)、監理(li)五方共(gong)同出(chu)(chu)具的(de)《工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)報告》和消防驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)合格證明，查驗(yan)(yan)該工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是否經(jing)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)合格。如果出(chu)(chu)賣人不(bu)(bu)能出(chu)(chu)示(shi)上述文件，就說明該工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)未經(jing)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)或者驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)(shou)不(bu)(bu)合格，購房(fang)人有權拒絕(jue)收(shou)(shou)房(fang)，由(you)此引起的(de)延期交房(fang)責任由(you)出(chu)(chu)賣人承擔。

如果出(chu)賣(mai)人超過約定的期限房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)仍然未能驗(yan)收(shou)合格，購(gou)房(fang)(fang)(fang)人可以解除(chu)合同并要(yao)求賠(pei)償(chang)損失。房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)交付(fu)使用后房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)主體結構質(zhi)量經核(he)驗(yan)確屬不合格。但(dan)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)主體結構雖然很(hen)重(zhong)要(yao)，但(dan)整個房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)的結構和房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)的質(zhi)量也(ye)是非(fei)常重(zhong)要(yao)的。